Plastic properties and uses pdf

Methods of recycling, properties and applications of recycled. It is, however, typically available as a thin film for thermoforming or in the form of plastic pellets for injection molding. This strong and transparent plastic is a popular choice for light fixtures, beverage dispensers, and dishes. Also, you may want to use our plastic material selection guide or interactive thermoplastics triangle to assist with the material selection process based on your application requirements. Classes of substances at 20c pfa ptfe fep etfe pmp pp pe. Linear polymers and a combination of linear and crosslinked polymers come under thermoplastics. Polyvinyl chloride pvc or vinyl is an economical and versatile thermoplastic polymer widely used in building and construction industry to produce door and window profiles, pipes drinking and wastewater, wire and cable insulation, medical devices etc. Compared to metal, plastic has a low melting point, is highly malleable, and can be molded easily into basic or complex forms.

Polystyrene ps egg cartons, coffee cups, plastic utensils, and meat trays are made of polystyrene plastic. Polyethylene is one of the most commonly used engineering plastics. Use our interactive properties table below to explore by property group, sort, or compare two or more plastic materials. Acrylic is a common and versatile manmade material with a variety of industrial and personal uses. In the developing world, the applications of plastic may differ42% of indias consumption is used in packaging. Low diffusion coefficient makes pet much more suitable than other plastic materials for use as a recovered, recycled material. The plastic and packaging material used by okw are on the whole harmless and, apart from some exceptions, can easily be recycled and reutilized. Uhmw is a tough, fda compliant plastic with low friction.

The properties of materials resource rsc education. Uses, properties, quotes or ask a plastics expert at curbell. With its properties, acetal plastics are present in various industrial applications, and it comes in different colors and grades. This engineering plastic is popular due to its low production cost and the ease with which the material is machined by plastic manufacturers. Recycled thermoplastic polymers due to the ideal properties of the thermoplastic polymers such as corrosion resistance, low density, high strength, and userfriendly design, plastic usage has become much higher than the usage of aluminum or other metals. Hdpe, long chain macromolecule, thermoplastic, plastic welding. There are hundreds of different kinds of plastics, in all sorts of different colors, and with all sorts of different properties, from strong and hard to soft and flexible.

Here youll learn the definition and properties of polymers, another name for plastics. Plastics are defined as a group of synthetic resinous or other substances that can be molded into any form. Learn about plastics, recycling of plastics, thermosetting plastic and thermoplastic, types and properties of plastics at byjus. Oct 22, 2018 a thermoplastic is a plastic material that becomes moldable above a specific temperature and solidifies upon cooling. This document pdf may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Available in many colors and in transparent form, plastics can be rubbery or rigid. Pvc is the worlds thirdmost widely produced synthetic plastic polymer after polyethylene and polypropylene. Abs or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene is a common thermoplastic polymer typically used for injection molding applications. Plastics enable sustainable, durable, longlasting design and construction in homes, buildings, and infrastructure like bridges. Highdensity polyethylene products are very safe and are not known to transmit any chemicals into foods or drinks. The success of plastic as an engineering material will depends up on the selection of variety of plastic. There are hundreds of different kinds of plastics, in all sorts of different colors, and with all sorts of different properties, from strong and hard to. Polycarbonate is a highperformance tough, amorphous and transparent thermoplastic polymer with organic functional groups linked together by carbonate groups o coo and offers a unique combination of properties. In the uk, the television documentary blue planet ii played an important role in raising awareness of the issue and its effects on marine life.

These pdfs have been taken from the popular book, thats chemistry. Typical properties of polyethylene pe astm low medium high ultrahightest property density density density molecularweight physical d792 specific gravity 0. This property of plasticity, often found in combination with other special properties such as low density, low electrical conductivity, transparency, and toughness, allows plastics to be made into a great variety of products. Thermoplastics properties, types, uses, advantages and. About 40 million tons of pvc are produced each year. View plastic materials found under a specific property group. Plastics are used in car parts and for all kinds of storage. Mar 19, 2018 plastic is a synthetic material created from a broad range of organic polymers that have become an indispensable part of our everyday world. Plastic properties tables wear resistance of plastics open or close the rating that appears in this table refers to the wear properties of the material in a bearing or bush application, and is normally tested using a pinondisc wear test. A polymer can be a three dimensional network think of the repeating units. Thermoplastic consumption is roughly 80% or more of the total plastic consumption. Jul 17, 2019 the food might be wrapped in pvc cling film, your yogurt is probably in plastic tubs, cheese in plastic wrap, and water and milk in blowmolded plastic containers. Common plastics their abbreviations, names and uses.

To avoid improper resin selection, contact pmc for additional help in determining the exact engineering resin required for your application. The simplest definition of a polymer is a useful chemical made of many repeating units. The history and future of plastics what are plastics, and. Polymer chemistry is a core chemistry topic that applies prior knowledge of key concepts such as bonding and basic organic chemistry. Plastic material properties table mechanical, physical, thermal.

For example, polystyrene is a hard, waterresistant thermoplastic, according to. In this article, i will be explaining the top 10 properties of thermoplastic materials in a detailed manner. Some plastics are soft while others are hard, almost like glass. Click the down or up arrows triangles or column headings to sort plastic materials or material properties.

Applications include wear strips, chute liners, star wheels, fabricated parts. If youre after basic information on plastic materials, this is the place to find it. There are plastics now that prevent gas from escaping pressurized soda. Hence the success of plastic as an engineering material for a particular purpose will depend upon the correct choice of the variety. Polyvinyl chloride pvc, a synthetic resin made from the polymerization of vinyl chloride. Mechanical properties of plastic materials material formula abrasive resistance astm d1044 mg cycles coefficient of friction compression set after 24 hr at 175c % compressive modulus gpa compressive strength mpa elongation at break % hardness rockwell izod impact strengt h j m1 poissons ratio tear strength n mm1 tensile modulus. Polyethylene terephthalate or pet products are 100% recyclable and is the most recycled plastic worldwide. Other uses include automobiles up to 20% plastic, furniture, and toys. Properties and uses of plastics as a construction material. Each plastic material has its own peculiar properties to suit its particular uses.

The use of plastic materials in the medical field, about 4 billion dollars in. The food might be wrapped in pvc cling film, your yogurt is probably in plastic tubs, cheese in plastic wrap, and water and milk in blowmolded plastic containers. Its chemical resistance properties and ease of fabrication make it popular in the chemical industries. Polymers are all created by the process of polymerization wherein their constituent elements called monomers, are reacted together to form polymer chains i. Plastic properties resins polyethylene terephthalate pet low density polyethylene ldpe high density polyethylene hdpe polypropylene pp polystyrene ps polyvinyl chloride pvc material code system symbols clarity clear translucent translucent translucent clear clear moisture barrier fair to good good good to. Second only to polyethylene among the plastics in production and consumption, pvc is used in an enormous range of domestic and industrial products, from raincoats and shower curtains to window frames and indoor plumbing. Plastic properties tables plastics technical properties. Plastic type name properties density range common uses polyethylene terephthalate tough, rigid, shatterresistant softens when heated 1. Plastics uses, benefits, and chemical safety facts. For this reason, thermoplastics are put to unique uses in a number of manufacturing and engineering industries. Pet e plastic is used to make many common household items like beverage bottles, medicine jars, rope, clothing and carpet fibre. Polylactic acid could be cnc machined but it is typically not available in sheet stock or rod form.

Types and properties pdf by mohammed shafi october 22, 2018 may 7, 2020 in this article, i will be explaining the different types of plastics used in our household applications as well as industrial applications in the form of thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics with there properties. The main physical difference between the two is that one can be reused time and again, and the other cannot. Download types of plastics pdf at the end of the article. The plastics are sufficiently strong and can be used for load bearing structural members. Today it is one of our most useful and adaptable materials. To adjust material properties, plastic injection mold pellets are typically produced andor blended together. Acrylic, technically known as polymethylmethacrylate, is a synthetic material constructed from petroleum distillates that when reacted to acrylic acid, and treated with alcohol, forms a monomer a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form. Plastics enable sustainable, durable, longlasting design and construction in homes, buildings, and infrastructure like bridges in automotive design, plastics have contributed to a multitude of innovations in safety, performance and fuel efficiency. There are plastics now that prevent gas from escaping pressurized soda bottles, but cans and glass are still no. Specific properties dependent on amount of each phase. The rating that appears in this table refers to the wear properties of the material in a bearing or bush application, and is normally tested using a pinondisc wear test.

General properties of polyvinyl chloride pipe 5 table a2 is a general guide to the suitability of various elastomers currently used in these chemicals and services. In the development of plastic enclosures and tuning knobs, the designers follow the ecodesign directive. In the market there are so many types of models of plastics are available such as transparent, colored etc. Easy descriptions of typical, physical, thermal, optical, electrical properties. Apart from their primary characteristics, thermoplastics vary slightly in usage and properties. In this article, i will be explaining the different types of plastics used in our household applications as well as industrial applications in the form of thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics. The secondary valence forces are responsible for the orientation of the macro. Plastic properties resins polyethylene terephthalate pet low density polyethylene ldpe high density polyethylene hdpe polypropylene pp polystyrene ps polyvinyl chloride pvc material code system symbols clarity clear translucent translucent translucent clear clear moisture barrier fair to good good good to excellent good to. For example, polystyrene is a hard, waterresistant thermoplastic, according to bbc. Plastic shapes include sheet, rod, hex, pipe, cubes, balls, and tubes. The name plastic is derived from the greek word plastikos, which means able to be shaped.

Extensive plastic properties and compatibilities information. This strong and transparent plastic is a popular choice for. It should be noted that this data does not refer to the abrasion properties of the material, which is. Plastic waste in the oceans is increasingly touching the public consciousness. Like most other plastics, acrylite ff sheet will expand and contract from. It should also be noted that each plastic material has its own peculiar properties to suit the various uses. Plastics technology handbook plastics properties and testing. Lcp resin properties table lcp plastic injection molding. The ratings are primarily based on literature published by various polymer suppliers and rubber manufacturers, as well as the opinions of experienced compounders. Typical reactions for chain assembling are polyaddition continuous or step wise and condensation polymerization polycondensation 1 figure 1. Plastic, polymeric material that has the capability of being molded or shaped. Download the text of this article ms word or pdf, all the teaching ideas as a single file ms word or pdf, or all the downloads in one zip file. The properties of materials chapter from thats chemistry.

The type of polymerization mechanism used depends on the type of functional groups attached to the reactants. This chapter looks at key ideas and activities that can be used to help students learn how the properties of materials affects their suitability for different uses. Acrylic plastic is a polymer material that contains acrylic acid. Facts about plastic for kids uses of plastic dk find out.

Polyvinyl chloride is mixed with additives to improve its mechanical and physical properties and to. Hence it is important to know the plastic flow properties of metals and alloys. Consider that since people started producing plastic in the middle of the 20th century, we have put an estimated 8300 million tons into circulation. Plastic material properties table mechanical, physical. At consolidated plastics, we think of plastic as a medium of change, making products better while serving as a reminder that flexibility. Plastics that can be deformed easily upon heating and can be bent easily. For chemically resistant plastic, view our chemical resistance of. Find information on the wide variety of plastics used in hundreds of household and consumer products. Types of plastics pdfproperties of thermosetting plastics.

Today were looking at the types of different plastics, along with their properties and uses which leads us at consolidated plastics to consider the nature of change, both in our business and in yours. Plastic is relatively inexpensive so it is used in many applications. The ultimate symbol of the problem of plastic waste is the great pacific garbage patch, which has often been described as a swirl of plastic garbage the size of texas floating in the pacific ocean. Polyvinyl chloride is mixed with additives to improve. Methods of recycling, properties and applications of. Plastic materials consist of long chain molecules polymers. The plastic properties on pages 222223 are exclusively applicable for. Everything you need to know about polylactic acid pla. Plastic is a synthetic material created from a broad range of organic polymers that have become an indispensable part of our everyday world. If you drink water from a bottle, that bottle is most likely plastic. Properties include improved toughness, chemical resistance, impact strength, and.